Medicinal plant details
Oroxylum indicum(L.) Kurz
(Shyonaka)
| Common name | Shyonaka |
| Habit | Tree |
| Habitat | Moist deciduous forests and also in the plains |
| Parts used | Root |
Synonyms
| Sr. No. | Synonyms |
|---|---|
| 1 | Arthrophyllum ceylanicum Miq. |
| 2 | Arthrophyllum reticulatum Blume ex Miq. |
| 3 | Calosanthes indica (L.) Blume |
| 4 | Hippoxylon indica (L.) Raf. |
| 5 | Spathodea indica (L.) Pers. |
| 6 | Oroxylum flavum Rehder |
| 7 | Bignonia indica L. |
| 8 | Bignonia lugubris Salisb. |
| 9 | Bignonia pentandra Lour. |
| 10 | Bignonia quadripinnata Blanco |
| 11 | Bignonia tripinnata Noronha |
| 12 | Bignonia tuberculata Roxb. ex DC. |
Taxonomical information
| Kingdom | Viridiplantae |
| Phylum | Streptophyta |
| Class | Magnoliopsida |
| Order | Lamiales |
| Family | Bignoniaceae |
| Genus | Oroxylum |
| Species | Oroxylum indicum (L.) Kurz |
Vernacular names
| Sanskrit | Dirghavrnta, Katvanga, Prthsuimba |
| English | |
| Hindi | Sonapatha, Shyonak, Tentoo |
| Kannada | Tigudu |
| Marathi | Tentoo |
| Malayalam | Palagripayanni |
| Bengali | Sonagachh |
| Tamil | Peruvagai |
| Telugu | Dundilumu, Gumpena, Pampini |
| Urdu | Sonapatha |
Morphology
It is a small to medium sized tree measuring 8-15 m tall, with light brownish-grey, soft bark often covered with many corky lenticels. Leaves are compound, 3-7 cm long, bipinnate or tripinnate with opposite pinnae, rachis stout and cylindrical. Leaflets are ovate or elliptic, 2-4 pairs, 6-12 cm long and 4-10 cm broad. Petiole 5.5 cm long, striate. Flowers are numerous, foetid, reddish-purple and pinkish-yellow within. Calyx which is 4 cm long, oblong-campanulate and glabrous. Corolla is large, 10 cm long, fleshy lobes about 4 cm long. Stamens 5, one of them is shorter than the 4, filaments cottony at the base. Fruits are capsule, flat, 0.3-0.6 m long, and 5-9 cm broad. Seeds are many, flat, 6 cm long, winged all round except at the base
Distribution
Native to the Indian subcontinent, it is extending from Himalayan foothills to Bhutan and southern China. It is also found in Phillipines, Sri Lanka and Indonesia
Medicinal uses
Diarrhoea, cough, tastelessness, diseases of urinary system, rheumatism, diseases of abdomen, diseases due to vata dosha, disease of ear, inflammation
References
| 1 | Siddiqui, W. A., Ahad, A., Ganai, A. A., Sareer, O., Najm, M. Z., Kausar, M. A., and Mohd, M. (2012). Therapeutic potential of Oroxylum indicum: a review. Journal of Research and Opinion, 2, 163-172. |
| 2 | Deka, D. C., Kumar, V., Prasad, C., Kumar, K., Gogoi, B. J., Singh, L., and Srivastava, R. B. (2013). Oroxylum indicum–a medicinal plant of North East India: An overview of its nutritional, remedial, and prophylactic properties. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 3, S104-S112. |