Medicinal plant details
Syzygium cumini(L.) Skeels.
(Jambu)
| Common name | Jambu |
| Habit | Tree |
| Habitat | River banks, cultivated as shade trees on road sides |
| Parts used | Seed |
Synonyms
| Sr. No. | Synonyms |
|---|---|
| 1 | Jambolifera chinensis Spreng. |
| 2 | Jambolifera coromandelica Houtt. |
| 3 | Jambolifera pedunculata Houtt. |
| 4 | Myrtus corticosa Spreng. |
| 5 | Myrtus cumini L. |
| 6 | Myrtus obovata (Poir.) Spreng. |
| 7 | Syzygium brachiatum (Roxb.) Miq. |
| 8 | Syzygium caryophyllifolium (Lam.) DC. |
| 9 | Syzygium cumini var. tsoi (Merr. & Chun) H.T.Chang & R.H.Miao |
| 10 | Syzygium fruticosum DC. |
| 11 | Syzygium jambolanum (Lam.) DC. |
| 12 | Syzygium obovatum (Poir.) DC. |
| 13 | Syzygium obtusifolium (Roxb.) Kostel. |
| 14 | Syzygium pseudojambolana Miq. |
| 15 | Syzygium tenue (Duthie) N.P.Balakr. |
| 16 | Syzygium cumini var. caryophyllifolium (Lam.) K.K.Khanna |
| 17 | Syzygium cumini var. obtusifolium (Roxb.) K.K.Khanna |
| 18 | Calyptranthes capitellata Buch.-Ham. ex Wall. |
| 19 | Calyptranthes caryophyllifolia (Lam.) Willd. |
| 20 | Calyptranthes cumini (L.) Pers. |
| 21 | Calyptranthes cuminodora Stokes |
| 22 | Calyptranthes jambolana (Lam.) Willd. |
| 23 | Calyptranthes jambolifera Stokes |
| 24 | Calyptranthes oneillii Lundell |
| 25 | Calyptranthes tenuis Buch.-Ham. ex Wall. |
| 26 | Caryophyllus corticosus Stokes |
| 27 | Caryophyllus jambos Stokes |
| 28 | Syzygium jambolanum var. acuminata O.Berg |
| 29 | Syzygium jambolanum var. elliptica O.Berg |
| 30 | Syzygium jambolanum var. obovata O.Berg |
| 31 | Eugenia brachiata Roxb. |
| 32 | Eugenia calyptrata Roxb. ex Wight & Arn. |
| 33 | Eugenia caryophyllifolia Lam. |
| 34 | Eugenia cumini (L.) Druce |
| 35 | Eugenia djouat Perr. |
| 36 | Eugenia fruticosa Roxb. |
| 37 | Eugenia jambolana Lam. |
| 38 | Eugenia jambolana var. caryophyllifolia (Lam.) Duthie |
| 39 | Eugenia jambolana var. obtusifolia Duthie |
| 40 | Eugenia jambolifera Roxb. ex Wight & Arn. |
| 41 | Eugenia obovata Poir. |
| 42 | Eugenia obtusifolia Roxb. |
| 43 | Eugenia odorata Wight |
| 44 | Eugenia tenuis Duthie |
| 45 | Eugenia tsoi Merr. & Chun |
| 46 | Syzygium cumini var. caryophyllifolia (Duthie) R.R.Stewart |
| 47 | Syzygium cumini var. cumini |
| 48 | Syzygium jambolanum var. axillare Gamble |
| 49 | Calyptranthes pedunculata Forsyth f. |
| 50 | Eugenia fruticosa (DC.) Roxb. |
Taxonomical information
| Kingdom | Viridiplantae |
| Phylum | Streptophyta |
| Class | Magnoliopsida |
| Order | Myrtales |
| Family | Myrtaceae |
| Genus | Syzygium |
| Species | Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels. |
Vernacular names
| Sanskrit | Jambula |
| English | Indian blackberry, Jambul tree |
| Hindi | Jaman, Jam |
| Kannada | Nerale beeja, Jambu nerale |
| Marathi | Jambul |
| Malayalam | Njaval |
| Bengali | Badjam, Kalajam |
| Tamil | Naval |
| Telugu | Alla Nereduchettu, Neredu chettu |
| Urdu | Jamun |
Morphology
Syzygium cumini tree grows up to 30 m tall and 11 m in diameter and multi-stemmed from branching close to the ground. Bark is rough, flaking, cracked and discoloured on lower part of trunk and becomes smooth and light-grey on top. Leaves are opposite, 5-25 cm long, 2.5-10 cm wide, oblong-oval or elliptic, blunt or tapering to the point at apex; Leaves have turpentine smell. Flowers are fragrant and appear in clusters 2.5-10 cm long, each has funnel shaped calyx and 4-5 petals; greenish white in colour. Fruits are berry shaped oblong, dark purple or nearly black when matured with 1.25-cm long in size
Distribution
Distributed throughout India and also found in Myanmar, Thailand, Philippines, Madagascar, West Indies, West Africa, Florida, California, Algeria and Israel. It is cultivated in England
Medicinal uses
Diabetes mellitus, Cancer, AIDS, arthritis, Alzheimer
References
| 1 | Bijauliya, R. K., Alok, S., Singh, M., and Mishra, S. B. (2017). Morphology, phytochemistry and pharmacology of Syzygium cumini (Linn.)-an overview. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 8, 2360-2371. |