Medicinal plant details

Curcuma longaL.

(Haridra)

Common name	Haridra
Habit	Herb
Habitat	Cultivated
Parts used	Rhizome

Synonyms

Sr. No.	Synonyms
1	Amomum curcuma Jacq.
2	Curcuma domestica Valeton
3	Kua domestica Medik.
4	Stissera curcuma Giseke
5	Curcuma tinctoria Guibourt

Taxonomical information

Kingdom	Viridiplantae
Phylum	Streptophyta
Class	Magnoliopsida
Order	Zingiberales
Family	Zingiberaceae
Genus	Curcuma
Species	Curcuma longa L.

Vernacular names

Sanskrit	Ameshta, Rajani
English	Indian saffron
Hindi	Haldi
Kannada	Arishina
Marathi	Halad
Malayalam	Manjal
Bengali	Halud
Tamil	Ameshta
Telugu	Pasupu, Pasupu kommulu
Urdu	Haldi

Morphology

Perennial herb with medium sized rhizome, tufted leaf and short stem. Plant grows from root to leaves about 80-120 cm long with 4-6 leaves, distichous. Leaf is green in colour and surface is glossy and smooth. Flowers are white to light yellow in colour and form tall spike. Rhizomes are underground stems that are root-like structure. Rhizomes are externally light brown in colour. Internally they are bright orange or yellow in colour. These are ovate, oblong or pyriform or cylindrical in its shape

Distribution

Commonly found in Cambodia, China, India, Nepal, Indonesia, Madagascar, Malaysia, Philippines and Vietnam. Within India, it is cultivated in West Bengal, Tamil Nadu, and Maharashtra, and also in Madras

Medicinal uses

Treatment of biliary disorders, anorexia, cough, diabetic wounds, hepatic disorders, rheumatism and sinusitis

References

1	Kumar, N., and Sakhya, S. K. (2013). Ethnopharmacological properties of Curcuma longa: a review. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 4, 103.
2	Khalandar, S. D., Adithya, T. N., Basha, S. J., Koshma, M., Subbareddy, U. V., and Reddy, V. (2018). A current review on curcuma longa linn. Plant. International Journal of Pharmaceutical, Chemical & Biological Sciences. 8
3	Vattakaven, T., George, R. M., Balasubramanian, D., Rejou-Mechain, M., Muthusankar, G., Ramesh, B. R., and Prabhakar, R. (2016). India Biodiversity Portal: An integrated, interactive and participatory biodiversity informatics platform. Biodiversity Data Journal, 4, e10279.

Sample preparation, data acqusition and details of experimental data Analytical methods

Plant-metabolite association

Cytoscape Graph

Compound ID	Compound name
CDAMM00074	Zerumbone
CDAMM00225	Guangsangon I
CDAMM00259	Aloperine
CDAMM00269	Ajmaline
CDAMM00281	Agavoside A
CDAMM00297	(S)-2,3,4,5-Tetrahydropiperidine-2-carboxylate
CDAMM00420	5,7,3’,4’,5’-Pentahydroxy-3,6,8-trimethoxyflavone
CDAMM00436	Leukotriene D4
CDAMM00438	Chlorogenic acid
CDAMM00503	Farnesyl pyrophosphate
CDAMM00579	Stearic acid
CDAMM00644	Stigmasteryl glucoside
CDAMM00667	Chorismate
CDAMM00897	(3S,5R,6S,7E,9x)-7-Megastigmene-3,6,9-triol 9-glucoside
CDAMM00899	(3S,7E,9S)-9-Hydroxy-4,7-megastigmadien-3-one 9-glucoside
CDAMM00913	Acacetin 7-[3\'\'\'-(2-methylbutyryl)rutinoside]
CDAMM01005	Dehydropipernonaline
CDAMM01063	Azacridone A
CDAMM01081	28-Norbrassinolide
CDAMM01156	Cycloartanyl ferulate
CDAMM01172	Gingerglycolipid A
CDAMM01187	Karaviloside I
CDAMM01207	5-Dehydroavenasterol
CDAMM01218	8-Hydroxyluteolin 7-[6\'\'\'-acetylallosyl-(1->2)-glucoside]
CDAMM01224	Chrotacumine A
CDAMM01263	2-O-Protocatechuoylalphitolic acid
CDAMM01357	Cytidine monophosphate
CDAMM01430	Frangulanine
CDAMM01438	Conferone
CDAMM01462	Phytolaccasaponin G
CDAMM01481	Citrusin C
CDAMM01527	3-O-beta-D-Galactopyranosylproanthocyanidin A5\'
CDAMM01565	(R)-3,4-Dihydro-2-methyl-2-(4,8,12-trimethyl-3,7,11-tridecatrienyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol
CDAMM01726	19alpha-Hydroxygelsamydine
CDAMM01760	Leucodelphinidin 3-[galactosyl-(1->4)-glucoside]
CDAMM01773	Rubraflavone C
CDAMM01810	Eleganoside B
CDAMM01841	3\'-Ketolactose
CDAMM01842	5-Hydroxy-L-tryptophan
CDAMM01843	L-Cystathionine
CDAMM01844	Tryptamine
CDAMM01845	(S)-17-Hydroxy-9,11,13,15-octadecatetraynoic acid
CDAMM01846	Norspermidine
CDAMM01847	1-Heptanol
CDAMM01848	Ethylmethylacetic acid
CDAMM01849	3,4-Dimethoxyphenylethylamine
CDAMM01850	L-Hypoglycin A
CDAMM01851	Ricinine
CDAMM01852	Herniarin
CDAMM01853	(2R,3R)-1,2,3-Butanetriol
CDAMM01854	MG(18:0/0:0/0:0)
CDAMM01855	tetrahydro-TPP
CDAMM01856	5,3\',4\'-Trihydroxy-3,6,7,8-tetramethoxyflavone
CDAMM01857	Methyl 2-propenyl trisulfide
CDAMM01858	Triacontan-1-ol;n-Triacontanol
CDAMM01859	LysoPA(18:0/0:0)
CDAMM01860	Vescalin
CDAMM01861	Lupanine
CDAMM01862	erythro-6,8-Nonacosanediol
CDAMM01863	(3xi,6xi)-Cyclo(alanylvalyl)
CDAMM01864	Geranylcitronellol
CDAMM01865	CE(18:2(9Z,12Z))
CDAMM01866	Cardanoldiene
CDAMM01867	(-)-Lupinine
CDAMM01868	4-[(1E)-3-hydroxyprop-1-en-1-yl]benzene-1,2-diol
CDAMM01869	Harmicine
CDAMM01870	Phytyl diphosphate
CDAMM01871	(S)-4\',7-Dihydroxy-3\',8-diprenylflavanone
CDAMM01872	Evorine
CDAMM01873	Celangulin
CDAMM01874	Ceanothine E
CDAMM01875	4??-carboxy-5??-cholesta-8,24-dien-3??-ol
CDAMM01876	4\'-Cinnamoylmussatioside
CDAMM01877	Alliospiroside A
CDAMM01878	Funebrine
CDAMM01879	Germbudine
CDAMM01880	Acutoside A
CDAMM01881	Salannin
CDAMM01882	Salicylic acid beta-D-glucoside
CDAMM01883	UDP-L-rhamnose
CDAMM01884	Alangicine
CDAMM01885	7-Dehydrodesmosterol
CDAMM01886	2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-4H-chromen-4-one
CDAMM01887	Ningpeisine
CDAMM01888	PC(18:0/16:0)
CDAMM01889	Bis(5-hydroxynoracronycine)
CDAMM01890	Sinalbin A
CDAMM01891	Flavumone B
CDAMM01892	(+)-Chebulic acid
CDAMM01893	Ursane
CDAMM01894	Veramarine
CDAMM01895	Cyclolaudenone
CDAMM01896	3-Hydroxy-4,9-dimethoxypterocarpan
CDAMM01897	Trinoranastreptene
CDAMM01898	Catechin 7-glucoside
CDAMM01899	Kaempferide 3-rhamnoside-7-(6\'\'-succinylglucoside)
CDAMM01900	3-Oxo-12,18-ursadien-28-oic acid
CDAMM01901	Ixerisoside K
CDAMM01902	2,5-Dideoxy-2,5-imino-glycero-D-manno-heptitol
CDAMM01903	Camelliatannin A
CDAMM01904	Traumatin
CDAMM01905	1-18:3-2-18:2-digalactosyldiacylglycerol
CDAMM01906	Exiguaflavanone E
CDAMM01907	Sanggenon T
CDAMM01908	Ligustroside
CDAMM01909	Capsianoside III
CDAMM01910	PG(16:1(9Z)/16:1(9Z))
CDAMM01911	Speranculatine A
CDAMM01912	Ulmicin E
CDAMM01913	2\'-O-Acetylactein
CDAMM01914	Sanguiin H2
CDAMM01915	4-Methoxybenzenepropanol 1-(2-sulfoglucoside)
CDAMM01916	Verbascoside A
CDAMM01917	Pongamoside A
CDAMM01918	Apigenin 7-rhamnosyl-(1->6)-(4\'\'-E-p-methoxycinnamoylglucoside)
CDAMM01919	Isoorientin 2\'\'-p-hydroxybenzoate
CDAMM01920	Luteolin 7-[E-feruloyl-(->2)-glucuronyl-(1->2)-glucuronide] 4\'-glucuronide
CDAMM01921	Epimedokoreanoside II
CDAMM01922	ingol-7,8,12-triacetate-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)acetate
CDAMM01923	Cibotiumbaroside A
CDAMM01924	Cubebinin
CDAMM01925	Secotenuifolide A
CDAMM01926	Kadsurarin
CDAMM01927	Debenzoyldunnianin
CDAMM01928	Integristerone A 20,22-acetonide
CDAMM01929	Apo-12\'-violaxanthal
CDAMM01930	Taxchinin J
CDAMM01931	Orthosiphol J
CDAMM01932	Yunnaneic acid D
CDAMM01933	Telosmoside A11
CDAMM01934	1-O-(E)-Caffeoyl-4,6-(S)-HHDP-beta-D-glucopyranose
CDAMM01935	Hymenoside T
CDAMM01936	(6E,11E)-2,3,6,10,13,16,20,21-octamethyl-17-methylene-10-vinyl-docosa-1,6,11,21-tetraene
CDAMM01937	N5-(4-Methoxybenzyl)glutamine
CDAMM01938	3,5-Dihydroxyphenyl 1-O-(6-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside)
CDAMM01939	Persenone B
CDAMM01940	(1R,2R,3E,7E,11R,12S)-2, 18-O-diacetyl-16-O-(3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl)-dolabella-3,7-dien-2,16,18 -triol
CDAMM01941	Taxusabietane D
CDAMM01942	stavaroside C
CDAMM01943	Shazhiside methyl ester gentiobioside
CDAMM01944	ent-13S-Hydroxy-14R,15-diacetoxy-1(10)-halimen-18-oic acid
CDAMM01945	Thapsivillosin K
CDAMM01946	Voamatin D
CDAMM01947	4\',5-Dihydroxy-7-methoxyisoflavone 3\'-O-(3\'\'-E-cinnamoylglucoside)
CDAMM01948	Multiroside
CDAMM01949	Jerantinine A

DNA barcode information

GenBank ID

MW547142

Specimen voucher

MSoLS_CL_1

Latitude

13.3725

Longitude

74.7519

Blast identity

Curcuma longa

Marker

nrITS

Sequence

>MW547142.1 Curcuma longa voucher MSoLS_CL_1 internal transcribed spacer 1, partial sequence; 5.8S ribosomal RNA gene, complete sequence; and internal transcribed spacer 2, partial sequence

ATTGTTGAGAGAGCATCATAAAATGATGGATGATTGTGAACGTGTGAACGTGACCCTTTC

GTCATCAGCCCGCCCATGTTGGTGGGCGATTGACCGTAGCTCGGTGCGATCGGCACTAAG

GAACAACGAACTTGGAAGCAGAGGGCCCCTCAGCGTGAGCGGGGAGCCCAATGCGTCGGA

GATTCTTCGGAATCAAATGACTCTCGGCAATGGATATCTCGGCTCTTGCATCGATGAAGA

ACGTAGTGAAATGCGATACTTGGTGTGAATTGCAGAATCTCGTGAACCATTGAGTCTTTG

AACGCAAGTTGTGCCCGAGGCCTTGTGGTCGAGGGCACGCCTGCTTGGGCGTCATGGCAT

CGTCGCTTTTGCTCCATGCTTTGTCGGCATTGAGCGCGGAAGTTGGCCCCGTGTGCCCTC

TCGGGCACAGTCGGTCGAAGAGCGGGTAGTCGGTAATCGTCGAGCACGATGGACGTTGGT

CGTCGCGAGCGAGAACTGAACGTCGTCCTCGTCGTTTTGGGATGAGCCCTCAATAAAGAG

ACCCTGTGTGATTGATGATTGCGGAGCCGCGCGAAAGCGCCGCGTCAATCATTTGCGG

Leaflet Map in Tab Content